containers-storage 1 August 2024

NAME
containers-storage-composefs - Information about composefs and containers/storage

DESCRIPTION
To enable composefs at a baseline requires the following configuration in containers-storage.conf:
    [storage.options.overlay]
    use_composefs = "true"

This value must be a "string bool", it cannot be a native TOML boolean.

However at the current time, composefs requires zstd:chunked images, so first you must be sure that zstd:chunked is enabled. For more, see zstd:chunked ⟨containers-storage-zstd-chunked.md⟩.

Additionally, not many images are in zstd:chunked format. In order to bridge this gap, convert_images = "true" can be specified which does a dynamic conversion; this adds latency to image pulls.

Putting these things together, the following is required (in addition to the above config).
    [storage.options.pull_options]
    convert_images = "true"

This value must be a "string bool", it cannot be a native TOML boolean.

IMPLEMENTATION
As is implied by the setting use_composefs = "true", currently composefs is implemented as an "option" for the overlay driver. Some file formats remain unchanged and are inherited from the overlay driver, even when composefs is in use. The primary differences are enumerated below.

The diff/ directory for each layer is no longer a plain unpacking of the tarball, but becomes an "object hash directory", where each filename is the sha256 of its contents. This diff/ directory is the backing store for a composefs-data/composefs.blob created for each layer which is the composefs "superblock" containing all the non-regular-file content (i.e. metadata) from the tarball.

As with zstd:chunked, existing layers are scanned for matching objects, and reused (via hardlink or reflink as configured) if objects with a matching "full sha256" are found.

There is currently no support for enforced integrity with composefs; an attempt is made to enable fsverity for the backing files and the composefs file, but it is not an error if unsupported. There is as of yet no defined mechanism to verify the fsverity digest of the composefs block before mounting; some work on that is ongoing.

In order to mount a layer (or a full image, with all of its dependencies), any layer that has a composefs blob is mounted and included in the "final" overlayfs stack. This is optional - any layers that are not in "composefs format" but in the "default overlay" (unpacked) format will be reused as is.

BUGS

•   https://github.com/containers/storage/issues?q=is%3Aissue+is%3Aopen+label%3Aarea%2Fcomposefs

FOOTNOTES
The Containers Storage project is committed to inclusivity, a core value of open source. The master and slave mount propagation terminology is used in this repository. This language is problematic and divisive, and should be changed. However, these terms are currently used within the Linux kernel and must be used as-is at this time. When the kernel maintainers rectify this usage, Containers Storage will follow suit immediately.